Marketing of Guimaras Mangoes to the United States Essay Example for Free

Marketing of Guimaras Mangoes to the United States Essay The meaty flesh of a mango fruit is sweet, but the fruits pit is so large and hard. Ripe mangoes are fragrant and soft to the touch, but not mushy. Mangoes can be processed into a number of unique products such as dried mangoes, puree, juice, chutney, halves and scoops, jelly jams, and pickles. A uniform quality and an adequate supply are assured throughout the year through processing. Processed mangoes enable exporters to serve their markets even during off season period for fresh mangoes. Also, exporters can penetrate buying countries with strict phytosanitary requirements by supplying processed mangoes. The distinct taste and nutritional value of Guimaras mango variety puts it above any other mango in the world. Mango is one of the priority crops being supported by the major programs of the Department of Agriculture (DA); Mangoes are included among the high value crops to be given priority under the High Value Crop Law. Distribution is an exceptionally important phase in the marketing of mangoes. The fruit after harvest has to pass through several agencies before reaching the consumers. The Philippines has already established its credibility in supplying high quality mangoes to important markets especially to the United States. The recent organization of the Philippine Mango Development Council provided the impulsion to unite the key players of the industry into a single advocacy group that will work together for the sustainable development of the Philippine Mango Industry. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE One of man’s greatest triumphs in the cultivating of wild plants is the cultivated mango. Centuries of cultivation and selection produced a luscious fruit. Many varieties are grown in different countries. Here in the Philipines, Guimaras is known as the â€Å"Mango Country†, gaining the name because of its sweetest and big-sized mangoes. Based on the data of the National Statistical Coordination Board of the Republic of the Philippines, the year 2002 was a good year for Guimaras mangoes. It was in this year that it formally joined the world export market and cooperatively, production soared to its highest for the last three years. 2002 production posted a growth of 446.40 percent or five times higher over the 2001 production. Despite the decrease in the number of fruit-bearing trees, more trees were induced to flower as favored by the weather conditions. The Philippine mango, considered in western countries as an exotic tropical fruit, is fast gaining popularity worldwide. It is the third biggest dollar earning fruit next to banana and pineapple. But competition from other countries has led to stricter international standard controls for mango and the fruits produced in Pangasinan and the other Ilocos provinces have yet to meet quality standards demanded by the United States. The United States may open its market to Philippine mangoes, with that country’s agriculture department funding a survey to find out which mango-producing areas have no incidence of mango seed and pulp weevils. Major importers of Philippine mangoes in the United States are looking forward to less costly mangoes from Manila with the decision by the US government in December to allow other provinces in the Philippines to export the produce. A United States-based Philippine official has revealed the introduction of a technology that would help cut down the shipping cost of Philippine mango exports to that country. Eventually, such technology would also allow mangoes from other areas of the country to enter the US market. Presently, only mangoes from Guimaras Island have been allowed in the US. According to Victoriano Leviste, agriculture attachà © at the Philippine embassy in Washington DC, The key is to create a niche market through our Filipino residents and possibly other Asians. Philippine Super Mango (carabao) has been gaining popularity in the US market as a sweet and more luscious fruit. The Philippine mango, coming from Guimaras Province in the Visayas, was only able to enter the US market in May, last year, after 15 years of negotiations with the US Department of Agriculture. Only Guimaras mangoes are so far accepted in the US. Mangoes from other areas of the country allegedly have fruit flies. Guimaras has been considered a pest-free zone and an ideal source of mango exports to the US. It is encouraging to note that the importance of the mango industry to the Philippine economy is now being recognized by all concerned sectors. The mango industry has provided livelihood opportunities to its growers and to those involved in its marketing channels. Similarly important is its significant contribution to the countrys export earnings being the third ranking fruit export, next to banana and pineapple. The Philippines is one of the top mango producing countries in the world with an estimated 2% share of the worlds 23.4 million tons production in 1997. The other top mango producing countries are India where 51% of total world production of mangoes comes from, China with 9% share. Mexico and Thailand both with 6% share. Exporting is one factor that helps our economy to sustain its stability with different problems it encounters. The need for unity among mango growers here in the Philippines is very important to be able to enhance the competitiveness of our own mangoes both in the local and world market. The recent formation of the Philippine Mango Development Council (Philmango), which was initiated by the DA Agribusiness and Marketing Assistance Service (AMAS), is a big step towards the proper orchestration of strategic interventions for the mango industry. CONCLUSION Mangoes from Guimaras indeed goes beyond quality and taste compared with other mangoes exported from different countries. The target of introducing and marketing of mangoes produced from different regions here in the Philippines to the United States should be endorsed. Only mangoes from Guimaras passed the standards in the United States. In order for our mango producers to enter the US market, there should be proper technology to assure consistent quality and supply. The bulk of the countrys mango output are grown in backyard farms which makes it hard to assure uniform and consistent supply of mangoes. There are limited commercial farms, and exports are basically consolidation of produce from backyard orchards and small farms. Also, the lack of commercial technology in the packaging and in preserving the freshness to offset the long stretch from the source to distant foreign markets such as the United States should also be taken into consideration. Lastly, inefficiency and high freight charges from the local shipping industry caused so much burden. It adversely affected the smooth delivery of mangoes to its markets. Mangoes coming from Visayas and Mindanao should be transported to Manila before it is exported to foreign countries; the significant increase of price due to high transport costs makes it difficult to reach its destination. REFERENCES Kotler, P. 1980. Marketing Management. New Jersey: A Simon Schuster Company Compton’s Encyclopedia http://www.nscb.gov.ph http://www.organicconsumers.org Leovelyn Hope B. Parreà ±oFebruary 26, 2010 BSBM 4/ SOCIO 01Mr. Don Velez COMPARE THE EXPERIENCES YOU HAD IN PRIMARY SOCIAL GROUP TO YOUR EXPERIENCES IN SECONDARY SOCIAL GROUP If there’s someone who can give me good and true pieces of advice, it would be no less than my family. Every day, I came to meet and bump with different people. And these persons gave another dimension in my life. My second family, the organizations I have here in school also welcomed me. But there is indeed a significant difference with the way they care for each members. My family treats me, accepts me and understands me for the person I am. They believed in my capabilities and support me with my ambitions in life. My family gives me inspiration in everything I do. I can count on them especially in times when I experienced the down moments of my life. There was never a time when they left my side. On the other hand, my second family also gives another meaning in my life. Though I am part of the family, there is no assurance that they will always be there for me through thick or thin. They also have their priorities in life. Though they can be there when I a want shoulder to cry on, or help me out with problems in school but it is just temporary. They all come and go. Abstract Mango is one of the commercially and economically essential horticultural fruit crops in the Philippines. It is the third most important fruit crop, next to banana and pineapple in terms of dollars earned. It is considered as a national fruit in this country. Mangoes specifically coming from Guimaras can be eaten ripe or unripe. It is very popular around the world because of its exotic taste. The paper aims to exemplify the export of these mangoes which placed the country’s competitiveness in the world market and how it captured the United States.

societhf Oppressive Societies :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huck Finn and Oppressive Societies The world in which we live in now is much less oppressive than say the world lived in the middle of the 1800's. Up until the Civil War, the South depended on their 'peculiar institution' of slavery, in order to be productive a successful. Most people believed slavery was not wrong, but those who thought otherwise seldom tried to alter it. In general if surrounded by oppressive environment, one does not usually try to make a difference in that world. This is because people are afraid to defend what is right against a whole mass of people who believe otherwise. Huck Finn in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Billy Budd in Billy Budd, and Frederick Douglass in his autobiography all portray individuals who because of their good, innocent qualities go up against the oppression in their society. Living in an oppressive society does not always draw you to do the wrong thing you are still capable of generating change, whether it be for a certain individual or against a whole mass of people. Billy Budd starts off on the ship the "Rights of Man", Melville obviously showing his intent in the naming of the first ship. This shows that on this ship where Billy wanted to be and chose to be he had rights. That he and the other crew had choices of what to do and how to be. Then along comes the British navy and decides that they are going to take Billy aboard their ship "Power of War". This is when Billy is brought into an oppressive society. This is the navy and wartime during which rules must be followed as well as a lifestyle that must be followed. Billy is a poor innocent boy with a childish stutter. This stutter shows Billy's humane side, a flaw, as well as leading you to the thinking that he has the innocence of a child. This stutter is connected to innocence because of its childish qualities. When most children begin speaking they have some sort of stutter, which usually goes away. The stutter parallels innocence because it is showing that you are just learning how to talk and don't really comprehend the correct way to make sounds, as you grow older you learn and the stutter disappears.

Othello Coursework Essay

Othello is one of Shakespeare’s tragedies but also a love story of two lovers. Shakespeare’s tragic heroes always had at least one main flaw, which contributed to their downfall. In Othello’s case it was jealousy; when he was told Desdemona was having an affair. Other themes the play deals with includes hatred, racism, betrayal and discrimination. Although Othello is the main protagonist in the play, however, in many ways Iago seems to be the dominant character. Iago is presented in complete contrast to Othello, and is the villain of the play. Othello is a respected high-ranking general whereas Iago is a lower status and referred to as in his ‘ancient’ or his ‘ensign’. Many critics often describe Iago as the narrator of ‘Othello’; a fascinating character who is the main focus of the play. Many critics also see Iago as an intriguing character as he can be unpredictable. At the beginning of the play, it is Iago and Roderigo who are the first on stage, not Othello. If one were to form an opinion of Othello from this discussion, it would not be a favourable one. The audience is made aware of Iago’s hatred of Othello because Othello promoted Cassio instead of him and his belief that Othello slept with his wife. Furthermore Roderigo is jealous of the fact that Othello has taken Desdemona as his wife. In Act 2 Scene 3 of Othello, Iago is presented as the puppeteer, constantly manipulating everyone around him. Critics have argued about Iago’s motives for wanting to hurt others but in this scene he comes across as cruel and malicious. The scene is set in a castle and opens with Iago trying to get Cassio drunk. Iago motivated by his lust for power is attempting to dispose Cassio of his position as a lieutenant. Knowing that Cassio cannot handle his liquor it would be more likely he would fight if he’s drunk and that would make him look bad in Othello’s eyes. The opening scene presents us with a brief exchange of Cassio and Iago controversial analysis on Desdemona. In the dialogue, Cassio remarks are polite and complimentary to Desdemona stating she is ‘exquisite lady’, ‘fresh’, ‘delicate creature’, ‘modest’ and ‘perfection’. Iago on the other hand has a contrasting view compared to Cassio. Iago suggests that Desdemona is ‘full of game’ and ‘sport’ and that there is ‘provocation’ in her eye suggests both characters have different views on women. Iago’s low opinion of Desdemona only deepens his misogynist view and his hate for women because of the control Desdemona has over Othello. This can portrays his jealousy because Desdemona is an extremely attractive character with a higher noble status than his wife, giving him a reason to hate Othello. Iago has the opportunity to consider his plans in his soliloquy when Cassio leaves to invite some friends for a drink. One way we can tell the presentation of Iago as a character in Act 2 Scene 3 is through his soliloquies. It reveals Iago’s true character and intention to get Cassio drunk so that he loses control and becomes quarrelsome to get into a fight with Roderigo, ‘Am I to put our Cassio in some action’. His skills of persuasions show his power to manipulate people into trusting him to cover his act of being an ‘honest’ friend that adds to the presentation of his character. Iago’s clever perspective to observer this from a person allows the audience insight into various schemes or secrets to his motives that other characters are blind to. Furthermore, Iago’s understanding and manipulating the weakness of those around him make him a powerful and compelling figure that Shakespeare have portray in this scene. Cassio who has been left in a position of responsibility by Othello will shame himself as a lieutenant and loose his position as part of Iago’s plan that will gain him power for his talent of understanding and manipulating people’s weaknesses, ‘If consequences do but approve my dream’. Iago states he is willing to take on revenge on anyone that gets in his way of achieving Othello’s downfall. The end result would make up for what he lost on his way and enjoys the pain and damage he causes which he ‘approves’. The first soliloquy in this act shows us how narrow-minded Iago is and lacks emotions or feelings towards the people around him or himself. W. H Auden describes Iago as a â€Å"Practical joker of a peculiar appalling kind. † W. H attempts to portray Iago as a more humane character than he really is. Loyalty, love, friendship and guilt are all emotions that make us human. Iago misunderstands this concept of feelings, which leads him to his downfall. Shakespeare presents Iago with loss of emotional connections in his character show the tragedy of how isolated Iago is. Shortly after Roderigo raises the alarm under Iago’s instructions, Shakespeare uses dramatic irony to present Iago’s actions as he pretends to be the peacemaker. Othello aroused from his sleep ask ‘honest Iago’ for an explanation of the disturbance. Without being disloyal to Othello or to Cassio, he ironically follows Montano’s advice upon his honour as a solider to tell the truth of his version of the night’s events. While trying to save Cassio by making excuses for him, Iago endures that Othello will have no other option than to remove him as his position for causing a shameful public display. The irony of Iago’s account, we known that Iago constantly tries to underplay Cassio’s part in the fight, ‘I had rather ha’ this tongue cut from my mouth, Than it should do offence to Michael Cassio. ’ With subtle additions such as, ‘And Cassio high in oaths, which till tonight / I ne’er might see before’ and ‘ but men are men, the best sometimes forget’ reveals that Cassio has disgraced himself to befit a high ranking officer. Cassio sacked from his lieutenant position, Iago pretends to be a true friend by advising Cassio to seek help from Desdemona to gain his position back. ‘This broken joint between you and her husband entreat her to splinter’. Shakespeare cleverly portrays Iago as an evil mastermind who appears to aid Cassio, instead manipulating the situation in order to make it appear to Othello that Desdemona has emotions for Cassio when she pleads for his job. This sequence allows us to see Iago’s manipulative nature in a continuous flow; from the way he has made others see him to the revelation of his true self. The way he’s portrayed, we are amazed by his mastery of switching facades or identities without a trace of guilt. Iago when speaking with Montano, questions Cassio integrity and his position as a Lieutenant. Iago manages to suggest his support and concern for his comrade while at the same time, destroying his credibility and honour. He mentions to Montano that Cassio is a ‘solider fit to stand by Caesar’ as 2nd in command but his drinking habits matches his ‘virtue’ and implies he drinks every night. Iago’s apparent concerns furthers as he criticises Othello’s judgement for trusting Cassio to be his lieutenant shows his jealousy to be overshadowed and therefore lost his ‘social class’’ that he lacks of. His hatred dominates him just like he dominates all the other characters. Iago seems to master all the emotions that might affect his facade and never shows a trace of nervousness that intensify the power he has over the characters in the play and his ability to control the situation to his will. Furthermore when Iago protests to Montano that he is reluctant to highlight Cassio’s problems to Othello, as he ‘loves’ Cassio and would not wish him any harm. The irony of this situation is the fact that once Montano suggest it would be an ‘honest action’ to inform Othello, Iago declines. This is the only time we see Iago is speechless and to make him look more trustworthy, he implies that his allegiance is to a higher kind of ‘honesty’.

Chapter 7†Net Present Value and Other Investment

Finance for managers Chapter 7— Net Present Value and Other Investment Question 1 : List the methods that a firm can use to evaluate a potential investment. There are discounted and non-discounted cash-flow capital budgeting criteria to evaluate proposed investments. They are 1) Net present value: NPV is a discounted cash flow technique, which is the difference between an investment’s market value and its cost. NPV = Present value of cash inflow- Present value of cash outflow The investment should be accepted if the net present value is positive and rejected if it is negative. 2) Profitability index: PI is a discounted cash flow technique in which present value of an investment’s future cash inflows†¦show more content†¦Question 4 : Using the article from the Sydney Morning Herald, discuss why John Whiteman, the senior portfolio manager at AMP Henderson, can be considered ‘skilled’ in respect of his stock pickings. Why would it benefit fund managers to use discounted cash flows when picking stocks? According to the article of Sydney morning herald, Mr. Whiteman the senior portfolio manager is considered ‘skilled’ because he used to achieve the targets of his designed portfolio, in which most of his assumptions were write. Mr. Whiteman used to forecast for at least 10 years in which becomes less accurate. After plotting, he discounts the value back to today’s dollars in converting the future value into the present value. This in turn benefits the financial managers in knowing the value of the share today and can be easily know the price of the share is over or undervalued in the market today. If the shares are undervalued he can easily make his suggestion or a proposal in the purchase of the shares or vice versa. Mr. Whiteman’s analysis also depends on the credibility of the industry focusing mainly on the different aspects of the company. 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